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Reading and Writing Workshop

Colonial Period and Native Resistance

This workshop explores Native American alliances, conflicts, and resistance movements during the Colonial Period. Participants will analyze historical events using public domain sources and engage in reflective and analytical writing exercises.

Session 1: Native American Alliances and Conflicts
Objective: Examine the roles of Native American tribes in colonial wars, with a focus on the Pequot War and King Philip’s War.
Reading Assignment:
  • The Story of the Pequot War by Major John Mason
    • https://www.loc.gov/item/06019801/
  • King Philip’s War by George W. Ellis and John E. Morris
    • https://archive.org/download/kingphilipswar00ellirich/kingphilipswar00ellirich.pdf
Writing Exercise:
  • Write an analytical essay discussing the strategies employed by Native tribes during these conflicts and their effects on colonial expansion.

Session 2: Resistance Movements
Objective: Investigate prominent leaders and resistance movements that opposed colonial expansion, including Pontiac’s Rebellion and Tecumseh’s Confederacy.
Reading Assignment:
  • The Conspiracy of Pontiac and the Indian War after the Conquest of Canada by Francis Parkman
    • https://www.gutenberg.org/files/39253/39253-h/39253-h.htm
  • The Life of Tecumseh by Benjamin Drake
    • https://archive.org/details/lifeoftecumseh00drak
Writing Exercise:
  • Compare and contrast Pontiac’s and Tecumseh’s leadership styles and their visions for Native unity against colonial forces.

Native American Groups in the Current United States Territory
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Below is a list of Native American tribes that were encountered within what is now the United States, along with their primary locations and federal recognition status.
  • Apache – Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma (Federally Recognized)
  • Arapaho – Wyoming, Oklahoma (Federally Recognized)
  • Cherokee – Oklahoma, North Carolina (Federally Recognized)
  • Cheyenne – Montana, Oklahoma (Federally Recognized)
  • Chickasaw – Oklahoma (Federally Recognized)
  • Chippewa (Ojibwe) – Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, North Dakota (Federally Recognized)
  • Choctaw – Oklahoma, Mississippi (Federally Recognized)
  • Comanche – Oklahoma (Federally Recognized)
  • Creek (Muscogee) – Oklahoma, Alabama, Georgia (Federally Recognized)
  • Crow – Montana (Federally Recognized)
  • Delaware (Lenape) – Oklahoma (Federally Recognized)
  • Hopi – Arizona (Federally Recognized)
  • Iroquois (Haudenosaunee Confederacy, including Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, and Tuscarora) – New York (Federally Recognized)
  • Kiowa – Oklahoma (Federally Recognized)
  • Lakota (Sioux, including Oglala, Hunkpapa, and Brulé bands) – South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska (Federally Recognized)
  • Mohawk – New York (Federally Recognized)
  • Navajo – Arizona, New Mexico, Utah (Federally Recognized)
  • Nez Perce – Idaho (Federally Recognized)
  • Seminole – Florida, Oklahoma (Federally Recognized)
  • Shoshone – Wyoming, Idaho, Nevada (Federally Recognized)
  • Ute – Utah, Colorado (Federally Recognized)
  • Zuni – New Mexico (Federally Recognized)
For a full and updated list, including state-recognized tribes and their locations, refer to the Bureau of Indian Affairs’ Tribal Leaders Directory.

This workshop provides participants with a deeper understanding of Native American history during the colonial period, emphasizing the complexities of alliances, conflicts, and resistance. Through guided readings and writing exercises, attendees will engage critically with historical sources and develop analytical writing skills.
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