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The Lusiads
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Workshop Title: Epic Journeys and Heroic Legacies – A Study of The Lusiads and Epic Poetry
Primary Text:
  • The Lusiads by Luís Vaz de Camões (translated by William Julius Mickle)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/55650

Session 1: The Epic Invocation and Divine Inspiration
Focus:
Explore the tradition of invoking the Muse or a higher power to inspire the poem.
Readings:
  • The Lusiads, Canto I (Invocation to the nymphs of the Tagus)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/55650
  • The Iliad by Homer (translated by Samuel Butler), Book I (Invocation to the Muse)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/6130
  • The Aeneid by Virgil (translated by John Dryden), Book I
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/228
Writing Prompt:
Write your own epic invocation. Who or what would you call upon for inspiration, and why?

Session 2: The Hero’s Journey and National Identity
Focus:
Examine how epic poetry often centers on a hero’s journey to define or protect a nation’s identity.
Readings:
  • The Lusiads, Cantos I-II (Vasco da Gama’s voyage representing Portuguese identity)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/55650
  • The Song of Roland (translated by Charles Kenneth Moncrieff)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/391
  • The Nibelungenlied (translated by Daniel Bussier Shumway)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1151
Writing Prompt:
Create a character sketch of a hero whose journey shapes or defines a community or nation in your own words.

Session 3: Encounters with the Supernatural
Focus:
Analyze the role of gods, monsters, and magical beings in shaping the protagonist’s fate.
Readings:
  • The Lusiads, Canto V (Adamastor, the mythic giant of the Cape of Storms)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/55650
  • The Odyssey by Homer (translated by Samuel Butler), Book IX (Encounter with Polyphemus)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1727
  • The Epic of Gilgamesh (translated by Maude Barret)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11000
Writing Prompt:
Write a short scene where your hero faces a supernatural obstacle during their journey.

Session 4: Fate, Prophecy, and Divine Will
Focus:
Discuss how epic heroes confront fate and prophecy.
Readings:
  • The Lusiads, Canto VI (Venus and Mars’ debate in Olympus, prophetic visions)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/55650
  • The Aeneid by Virgil (translated by John Dryden), Book VI (Aeneas in the Underworld)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/228
  • Oedipus Rex by Sophocles (translated by F. Storr)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/31
Writing Prompt:
Compose a prophecy for your hero. How does it both guide and complicate their journey?

Session 5: Glory, Honor, and Legacy
Focus:
Investigate the theme of eternal glory and the desire to be remembered.
Readings:
  • The Lusiads, Canto X (Camões’ reflections on Portuguese glory and legacy)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/55650
  • Beowulf (translated by Francis Barton Gummere)
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/981
  • The Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri (translated by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow), Paradiso, Canto XXVII
    https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1004
Writing Prompt:
What does your hero want their legacy to be? Write a eulogy or an inscription that would be placed in honor of them.

Session 6: Comparative Epic Poetry Synthesis
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Focus:
Synthesize key motifs across multiple epics and The Lusiads.
Readings:
  • Re-examine selected passages from The Lusiads alongside excerpts from:
    • The Iliad
      https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/6130
    • The Aeneid
      https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/228
    • Beowulf
      https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/981
    • The Odyssey
      https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1727
Writing Prompt:
Write a comparative essay: How does The Lusiads reinforce and innovate epic motifs such as heroism, national identity, divine intervention, and legacy?
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